{"id":15972,"date":"2019-04-06T19:44:05","date_gmt":"2019-04-06T19:44:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/?p=15972"},"modified":"2019-04-06T22:01:07","modified_gmt":"2019-04-06T22:01:07","slug":"what-your-pets-microchip-has-to-do-with-the-mark-of-the-beast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/what-your-pets-microchip-has-to-do-with-the-mark-of-the-beast\/","title":{"rendered":"What your pet’s microchip has to do with the Mark of the Beast"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jordan Frith<\/a>, University of North Texas<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

An almost invisible electronic device used all over the world \u2013 best known to much of the public for helping reunite lost pets and their owners, but also found in subway cards, electronic tolling, luggage tags, passports and warehouse inventory systems \u2013 has alarmed some evangelical Christian communities, who see in this technology the work of the Antichrist.<\/p>\n

In a section of \u201cA Billion Little Pieces<\/a>,\u201d my recent book about Radio Frequency Identification chips, also known as RFID chips, I investigate why these tiny items have, in some religious circles, become closely linked with the apocalypse depicted in the biblical Book of Revelation. The reasons are more connected with modern concerns than you might expect.<\/p>\n

What is RFID?<\/h2>\n
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\n RFID chips can be small and flexible.<\/span>
\n Maschinenjunge\/Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA<\/a><\/span>
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For starters, RFID technology is a method of wirelessly, digitally identifying objects \u2013 like luggage, cars or subway passes \u2013 that often does not require any internal power source. A small chip is inserted into or attached to an item to be identified \u2013 like a duffel bag or a toll pass transponder. It does nothing until it passes near an RFID reader, which can be a few inches away for passports, or several feet away as in highway toll barriers. The reader emits a specific radio frequency that activates the chip, which then transmits its digital identification code.<\/p>\n

The chips, also called tags, are just about everywhere. About 10 billion tags<\/a> were used around the world in 2018 alone. Retailers \u2013 especially clothing stores<\/a> \u2013 are a potentially huge market that has begun to adopt RFID systems to monitor inventory and to prevent theft.<\/p>\n

Many domestic pets are microchipped with RFID<\/a>, encoding information that helps them reunite with their owners if they get lost. Some humans have also chosen to microchip themselves<\/a> so their bodies can wirelessly communicate with identification systems \u2013 and that\u2019s where the evangelicals get upset.<\/p>\n

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\n The people at the right of the illumination are receiving the Mark of the Beast.<\/span>
\n Getty Center\/Google Cultural Institute\/Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/span>
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The Mark of the Beast<\/h2>\n

What does a chip implant have to do with the Bible? Believers see echoes of RFID chips in a short passage in the Book of Revelation:<\/p>\n

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\u201c[The beast] causes all, both small and great<\/a>, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hand or on their foreheads, and that no one may buy or sell except one who has the mark or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

This passage is the origin of beliefs around what would eventually become known as the \u201cMark of the Beast<\/a>,\u201d a way to identify those who worship the Antichrist. More than 15 years ago, some evangelicals began linking RFID to the mark<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\n A doctor implants an RFID chip in a patient\u2019s hand.<\/span>
\n Paul Hughes\/Wikimedia Commons<\/a>, CC BY-SA<\/a><\/span>
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My research has found that they made the connection for two main reasons. First, when biohackers chip themselves, they typically put the RFID chip into the palm of one hand because it\u2019s easy to wave that at sensors to open doors or process payments, and the scripture specifically mentions the mark on a person\u2019s hand. In addition, some people have injected RFID chips containing credit card payment information<\/a>, which calls to mind to the payment methods mentioned in the Bible. <\/p>\n

These links spread in some evangelical communities throughout the 2000s, with many articles published on religious sites about RFID<\/a>. The authors of a best-selling book about RFID and surveillance \u2013 \u201cSpychips<\/a>\u201d \u2013 published an alternative version<\/a> targeted at evangelical Christians that included added passages about the Book of Revelation. The main RFID industry publication even published a refutation of those claims<\/a>. <\/p>\n

In the years since, the connection between RFID and the mark has remained prominent. In 2017, a Wisconsin company offered to pay for its employees to get RFID implants<\/a> \u2013 if they voluntarily chose to. The company\u2019s Google business listing was flooded with more than 100 one-star reviews<\/a>, many of which said it was a sin to use RFID as a form of identification or payment. Some of them were specific about what was wrong, saying the company was \u201cdoing the dirty work for Satan himself\u201d and urging employees to \u201cread your Bible. This is the first sign of the mark of the beast.\u201d<\/p>\n

Does it really matter?<\/h2>\n

It\u2019s more than just a curiosity that evangelical Christians have linked RFID to the apocalypse. Evangelicals are a major force in American culture and politics<\/a>, and their views on technology<\/a> are often underreported. <\/p>\n

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\n Readers mounted above the highway track RFID chips in cars passing beneath them, charging drivers for tolls.<\/span>
\n BrandonKleinVideo\/Shutterstock.com<\/a><\/span>
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In addition, they\u2019re expressing concern about an increasingly ubiquitous technology, similar to objections raised by privacy advocates that have actually changed corporate policies<\/a> in the past. <\/p>\n

Most people probably don\u2019t agree that RFID represents the Mark of the Beast. But the roots of that concern do raise interesting questions about the merging of human bodies and computing. The religious fear that every person might need to be physically tagged to pay for things and move freely shares a lot with the concerns expressed by more mainstream privacy advocates<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Finally, there\u2019s something poetic about linking a tiny technology used to identify rescue dogs in a shelter to the Mark of the Beast. After all, there\u2019s likely no more consequential type of identification than the differentiation of the damned from the redeemed.<\/p>\n

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Jordan Frith is the author of:<\/header>\n

A Billion Little Pieces: RFID and Infrastructures of Identification<\/a>\"The<\/p>\n