{"id":17917,"date":"2019-09-15T17:47:15","date_gmt":"2019-09-15T17:47:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/?p=17917"},"modified":"2019-09-16T10:51:25","modified_gmt":"2019-09-16T10:51:25","slug":"5-charts-show-how-your-household-drives-up-global-greenhouse-gas-emissions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/5-charts-show-how-your-household-drives-up-global-greenhouse-gas-emissions\/","title":{"rendered":"5 charts show how your household drives up global greenhouse gas emissions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/morteza-taiebat-416621\">Morteza Taiebat<\/a>, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em> and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/ming-xu-772075\">Ming Xu<\/a>, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>As the public conversation about climate change gets increasingly serious, many Americans may be wondering: How do my individual choices affect climate change?<\/p>\n<p>Household consumption \u2013 food, housing, transportation, apparel and other personal services \u2013 is an important contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Everything you eat or wear, or every time you drive, you add to the global total emissions. The typical American\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/datablog\/2009\/sep\/02\/carbon-emissions-per-person-capita\">annual per capita carbon footprint<\/a> is over five times the world per capita average.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105137\">A study<\/a> by our <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mingxugroup.org\">research team<\/a>, including <a href=\"http:\/\/css.umich.edu\/person\/kaihui-song\">Kaihui Song<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/css.umich.edu\/person\/shen-qu\">Shen Qu<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/css.umich.edu\/person\/sai-liang\">Sai Liang<\/a>, published on September 10, sheds light on the global carbon footprint of U.S. households.<\/p>\n<h2>1. Some activities have a bigger impact<\/h2>\n<p>We looked at data from 1995 to 2014 from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cex\/\">U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey<\/a>, as well as the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wiod.org\/\">World Input-Output Database<\/a>. We looked at the total global warming potential of all greenhouse gas emissions, not just carbon dioxide, as measured in their \u201ccarbon dioxide equivalent.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We found that over 20% of all U.S. emissions are directly attributed to household consumption. If you consider indirect emissions, this figure is closer to 80%.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s zoom in on the latest available annual numbers, mostly from 2009, which give a better sense of these staggering impacts.<\/p>\n<p>U.S. households generate 5.43 gigatons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions every year. About 82.3% of those emissions are produced domestically.<\/p>\n<p>The remaining emissions are generated outside the U.S. These emissions come from global supply chains. For instance, the family car might have been manufactured abroad. So emissions from manufacturing of the car are created outside the U.S., but the emissions from tailpipe are domestic.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"8yf3O\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/8yf3O\/5\/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Transportation and housing contribute over 60% to the total domestic carbon footprint of U.S. households. Supply chain emissions from services \u2013 such as health care, banking and lodging \u2013 and food contribute the next largest amounts.<\/p>\n<p>Food, furnishing and supplies, and clothing are the three largest drivers of overseas emissions from U.S. households.<\/p>\n<h2>2. China bears the brunt of overseas emissions<\/h2>\n<p>The overseas carbon footprint driven by the U.S. households is distributed disproportionately among countries.<\/p>\n<p>The most considerable portion of overseas carbon footprint of U.S. households is actually released in China, followed by Canada, India, Russia and Mexico.<\/p>\n<p>The overseas carbon footprint from Mexico is largely driven by food consumption in the U.S., while fuel consumption in the U.S. was the main driver for overseas carbon footprint from Canada and Russia, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/tools\/faqs\/faq.php?id=727&amp;t=6\">where the U.S. gets the majority of its imported oil products and natural gas<\/a> in that period.<\/p>\n<p>While the most substantial amount of the U.S.\u2018s overseas carbon footprint is from China, it is only 3.0% of China\u2019s domestic emissions. The majority of China\u2019s emissions comes from the activity of its inhabitants, as well as consumption in other countries beyond the U.S.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, Canada, Mexico and Taiwan trace a sizeable proportion of their domestic emissions to U.S. household consumption.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"KCZGq\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/KCZGq\/4\/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>3. Wealthier families have a larger footprint<\/h2>\n<p>A household\u2019s carbon footprint generally increases with its income, ranging from 19.3 to 91.5 tons of CO2-equivalent annually.<\/p>\n<p>The average carbon footprint of the wealthiest households is over five times that of the poorest.<\/p>\n<p>In 2009, households with less than US$30,000 annual disposable income made up 25.7% of the total U.S. population, but were only responsible for 19.3% of U.S. households\u2019 carbon footprint.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, wealthy consumers with more than $100,000 annual household income accounted for 22.3% of the total population but were responsible for nearly one-third of households\u2019 total carbon footprint.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"NnZml\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/NnZml\/4\/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>4. The Great Recession caused a dip<\/h2>\n<p>U.S. households\u2019 carbon footprint had been steadily growing from 1995 until 2005, when it began to plateau.<\/p>\n<p>In 2009, the combined domestic and overseas footprint dropped by 8.5% from the previous year, mainly due to the Great Recession.<\/p>\n<p>The share of overseas carbon footprint in total carbon footprint of the U.S. household consumption had been rising steadily and peaked at around 20% in 2006. After 2006, the share of overseas carbon footprint started to decrease, as imports slowed down before the recession.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"q2OS7\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/q2OS7\/3\/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>5. Transportation makes the biggest difference<\/h2>\n<p>The variations of household carbon footprint from 1995 to 2014 were largely driven in transportation use, including emissions from vehicle manufacturing, fuel and public transportation.<\/p>\n<p>Transportation emissions, both per capita and per household, have continued to rise over time. This is despite significantly reduced tailpipe emissions from vehicles and nearly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/automotive-trends\">30% improvement in fuel economy<\/a> of cars in this period. Mandates and standards, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines\/regulations-greenhouse-gas-emissions-passenger-cars-and\">Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE)<\/a> at the federal level and <a href=\"https:\/\/ww2.arb.ca.gov\/our-work\/programs\/zero-emission-vehicle-program\/about\">Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV)<\/a> at the state level, enabled this rapid progress.<\/p>\n<p>So what\u2019s causing the emissions to keep rising? People <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fhwa.dot.gov\/policyinformation\/tables\/vmt\/vmt_forecast_sum.pdf\">want to travel more<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/nhts.ornl.gov\/assets\/2017_nhts_summary_travel_trends.pdf\">are more likely to own more household vehicles<\/a>. Meanwhile, vehicles <a href=\"https:\/\/nhts.ornl.gov\/assets\/2017_nhts_summary_travel_trends.pdf\">have a lower average number of occupants<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hsdl.org\/?view&amp;did=809361\">Mass transit<\/a> and active modes of transportation, like bike riding, are growing slowly.<\/p>\n<p>In 2016, for the first time in history, the emissions from the U.S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=29612\">transportation sector surpassed the power sector emissions<\/a>. This fact along with our observation from household carbon footprint from transportation underscore the importance of policy efforts related to emissions from the transportation sector.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"HDtXi\" class=\"tc-infographic-datawrapper\" style=\"border: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/HDtXi\/3\/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400px\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>[ <em>Deep knowledge, daily.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/us\/newsletters?utm_source=TCUS&amp;utm_medium=inline-link&amp;utm_campaign=newsletter-text&amp;utm_content=deepknowledge\">Sign up for The Conversation\u2019s newsletter<\/a>. ]<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/119968\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: http:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/morteza-taiebat-416621\">Morteza Taiebat<\/a>, Ph.D. Candidate in Environment and Sustainability, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em> and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/ming-xu-772075\">Ming Xu<\/a>, Associate Professor at School for Environment and Sustainability, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"http:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/5-charts-show-how-your-household-drives-up-global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-119968\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Morteza Taiebat, University of Michigan and Ming Xu, University of Michigan As the public conversation about climate change gets increasingly serious, many Americans may be wondering: How do my individual choices affect climate change? Household consumption \u2013 food, housing, transportation, apparel and other personal services \u2013 is an important contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Everything [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":17916,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1862],"tags":[5619,5830,139,728,1870,1527,464,582,5343,3698,5406,4744],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17917"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17917"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17921,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17917\/revisions\/17921"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17916"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}