{"id":20117,"date":"2020-03-28T08:22:54","date_gmt":"2020-03-28T08:22:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/?p=20117"},"modified":"2020-04-01T19:51:40","modified_gmt":"2020-04-01T19:51:40","slug":"its-a-bad-idea-for-journalists-to-censor-trump-instead-they-can-help-the-public-identify-whats-true-or-false","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/its-a-bad-idea-for-journalists-to-censor-trump-instead-they-can-help-the-public-identify-whats-true-or-false\/","title":{"rendered":"It’s a bad idea for journalists to censor Trump \u2013 instead, they can help the public identify what’s true or false"},"content":{"rendered":"

David Cuillier<\/a>, University of Arizona<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

In times of mortal strife, humans crave information more than ever, and it\u2019s journalists\u2019 responsibility to deliver it.<\/p>\n

But what if that information is inaccurate, or could even kill people?<\/p>\n

That\u2019s the quandary journalists have found themselves in<\/a> as they decide whether to cover President Donald J. Trump\u2019s press briefings live.<\/p>\n

Some television networks have started cutting away<\/a> from the briefings, saying the events are no more than campaign rallies, and that the president is spreading falsehoods<\/a> that endanger the public.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf Trump is going to keep lying like he has been every day on stuff this important, we should, all of us, stop broadcasting it,\u201d MSNBC\u2019s Rachel Maddow tweeted<\/a>. \u201cHonestly, it\u2019s going to cost lives.\u201d<\/p>\n

News decisions and ethical dilemmas aren\u2019t simple, but withholding information from the public is inconsistent with journalistic norms, and while well-meaning, could actually cause more harm than good in the long run. Keeping the president\u2019s statements from the public prevents the public from being able to evaluate his performance, for example.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Truth and falsehood can fight it out<\/h2>\n

The Society of Professional Journalists\u2019 code of ethics, updated in 2014 during my term as president, states that the press must \u201cseek truth and report it,\u201d<\/a> while also minimizing harm.<\/p>\n

When the president of the United States speaks, it matters \u2013 it is newsworthy, it\u2019s history in the making. Relaying that event to the public as it plays out is critical for citizens, who can see and hear for themselves what their leader is saying, and evaluate the facts for themselves so that they may adequately self-govern.<\/p>\n

That\u2019s true even if leaders lie. Actually, it\u2019s even more important when leaders lie.<\/p>\n

Think of libertarian philosopher John Milton\u2019s plea for the free flow of information and end of censorship<\/a> in 1600s England. Put it all out there and let people sort the lies from the truth, Milton urged: \u201cLet her and Falsehood grapple.<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n

If a president spreads lies and disinformation, or minimizes health risks, then the electorate needs to know that to make informed decisions at the polls, perhaps to vote the person out to prevent future missteps.<\/p>\n

Likewise, there\u2019s a chance the president could be correct in his representation of at least some of the facts.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s not up to journalists to decide, but simply report what is said while providing additional context and facts that may or may not support what the president said.<\/p>\n

Maddow is correct that journalists should not simply parrot information spoon fed by those in power to readers and viewers who might struggle to make sense of it in a vacuum. That is why it\u2019s imperative journalists continuously challenge false and misleading statements, and trust the public to figure it out.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
During a crisis, people want to know what\u2019s happening.<\/span>
\nGetty\/Cindy Ord<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Craving information<\/h2>\n

Those who would urge the media\u2019s censorship of the president\u2019s speeches may feel they are protecting citizens from being duped, because they believe the average person can\u2019t distinguish fact from fiction. Communication scholars call this \u201cthird-person effect,\u201d<\/a> where we feel ourselves savvy enough to identify lies, but think other more vulnerable, gullible and impressionable minds cannot.<\/p>\n

It is understandable why journalists would try to protect the public from lies. That\u2019s the \u201cminimizing harm\u201d part in the SPJ code of ethics, which is critical in these times, when inaccurate information can put a person\u2019s health at risk<\/a> \u2013 or cause them to make a fatal decision.<\/p>\n

So how do journalists report the day\u2019s events while minimizing harm and tamping down the spread of disinformation? Perhaps this can be accomplished through techniques already in use during this unorthodox presidential period:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Report the press briefings live for all to see, while providing live commentary and fact-checking, as PolitiFact and others have done for live presidential debates<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  2. Fact-check the president after his talks, through contextual stories that provide the public accurate information<\/a>, in the media and through websites such as FactCheck.org<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  3. Call intentional mistruths what they are: Lies<\/a>. With this administration, journalists have become more willing to call intentional falsehoods \u201clies,\u201d and that needs to continue, if not even more bluntly.<\/li>\n
  4. Develop a deep list of independent experts that can be on hand to counter misinformation as it is communicated.<\/li>\n
  5. Report transparently and openly, clearly identifying sources, providing supplemental documents online, and acknowledging limitations of information.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The coronavirus pandemic is a critical time for the nation\u2019s health and its democracy. Now, more than ever, we need information. As humans, we crave knowing what is going on around us, a basic \u201cawareness instinct,\u201d as termed by Bill Kovach and Tom Rosenstiel in their foundational book, \u201cThe Elements of Journalism<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/a>
    On March 27, CNN provided live fact-checking of Trump\u2019s statements during a coronavirus briefing.<\/span>
    \nPhoto: Naomi Schalit<\/span>,     CC BY-SA<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    \u2018People aren\u2019t dummies\u2019<\/h2>\n

    Sometimes people don\u2019t even realize they need information until after they have lost it.<\/p>\n

    In his autobiography, the late Sen. John McCain<\/a> wrote that upon his release after five years as a Vietnamese prisoner of war, the first thing he did when he got to a Philippines military base was order a steak dinner and stack of newspapers.<\/p>\n

    \u201cI wanted to know what was going on in the world, and I grasped anything I could find that might offer a little enlightenment,\u201d McCain wrote. \u201cThe thing I missed most was information \u2013 free, uncensored, undistorted, abundant information.\u201d<\/p>\n

    People aren\u2019t dummies. They can decipher good information from bad, as long as they have all the facts at their disposal.<\/p>\n

    And journalists are the ones best positioned to deliver it.<\/p>\n

    [You need to understand the coronavirus pandemic, and we can help.<\/em> Read our newsletter<\/a>.]\"The<\/p>\n

    David Cuillier<\/a>, Associate Professor, School of Journalism, University of Arizona<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

    This article is republished from The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    David Cuillier, University of Arizona In times of mortal strife, humans crave information more than ever, and it\u2019s journalists\u2019 responsibility to deliver it. But what if that information is inaccurate, or could even kill people? That\u2019s the quandary journalists have found themselves in as they decide whether to cover President Donald J. Trump\u2019s press briefings […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":20118,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[1741,7559,7627,479,196,1126,785,4151,551],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20117"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20117"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20117\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20172,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20117\/revisions\/20172"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}