{"id":25716,"date":"2021-06-15T21:45:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T21:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/?p=25716"},"modified":"2021-06-16T06:32:05","modified_gmt":"2021-06-16T06:32:05","slug":"with-fords-electric-f-150-pickup-the-ev-transition-shifts-into-high-gear","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/with-fords-electric-f-150-pickup-the-ev-transition-shifts-into-high-gear\/","title":{"rendered":"With Ford\u2019s electric F-150 pickup, the EV transition shifts into high gear"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/brian-c-black-193343\">Brian C. Black<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/penn-state-1258\">Penn State<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When President Joe Biden took Ford\u2019s electric F-150 Lightning pickup for a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freep.com\/story\/money\/cars\/ford\/2021\/05\/19\/biden-ford-f-150-lightning-track-dearborn\/5152825001\/\">test drive<\/a> in Dearborn, Michigan, in May 2021, the event was more than a White House photo op. It marked a new phase in an accelerating shift from gas-powered cars and trucks to electric vehicles, or EVs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In recent months, global auto manufacturers have released plans to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-40505671\">electrify their vehicle fleets by 2030 or 2035<\/a>, setting up a race to see who can most quickly shift entirely away from producing vehicles <a href=\"https:\/\/www.caranddriver.com\/news\/g35562831\/ev-plans-automakers-timeline\/\">powered by gasoline<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Like Biden, former President Donald Trump <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/business\/autos\/trump-biden-both-boast-about-creating-auto-industry-jobs-differ-n1240000\">promised to create jobs in the auto industry<\/a>. But Trump sought to do it by perpetuating a fossil-fueled system that is the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/ghgemissions\/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-sinks\">largest source of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions<\/a>. Automakers benefited from some Trump policies in the short term, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-autos-emissions\/trump-finalizes-rollback-of-obama-era-vehicle-fuel-efficiency-standards-idUSKBN21I25S\">the rollback of fuel economy standards<\/a>. Now, however, they seem to be embracing the challenge of competing globally in a climate-constrained future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As an <a href=\"https:\/\/bcb47.wixsite.com\/bcb4\">environmental historian<\/a>, I see this moment as pivotal because unlike EVs from manufacturers like Toyota or Tesla, the electric F-150 does not entirely rely on green consumer choice. It places the electric vehicle transition squarely in the hands of mass-market consumers who don\u2019t choose cars based on environmental considerations, and who are buying far more light trucks \u2013 pickups, sport utility vehicles and minivans \u2013 than cars today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-datawrapper wp-block-embed-datawrapper\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"Light trucks dominate the US new vehicle market\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/GT7dC\/1\/#?secret=MrgQWJrgS6\" data-secret=\"MrgQWJrgS6\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"437\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>The century of gasoline<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>America\u2019s 20th-century affair with gas-powered cars was not inevitable. From 1890 through about 1915, vehicles powered by <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/energy-transitions-are-nothing-new-but-the-one-underway-is-unprecedented-and-urgent-104821\">horses, coal, electric batteries and gasoline<\/a> jockeyed for position on U.S. streets. And electric-powered vehicles had some clear advantages. Many consumers feared that gas-powered cars were prone to explode, and there was no nationwide fueling infrastructure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But World War I combined with a moment of technological convergence that favored the internal combustion engine. Massive new petroleum discoveries in Texas, and later in the Middle East, produced a glut of oil, just as electric lighting replaced kerosene lamps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/405777\/original\/file-20210610-11008-dxhvtk.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/405777\/original\/file-20210610-11008-dxhvtk.jpeg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Soldiers assess a plank bridge over a gully.\"\/><\/a><figcaption>In a photo captioned \u2018Another fine example of modern engineering,\u2019 members of the 1919 Transcontinental Motor Convoy decide whether a rickety bridge will support their vehicles. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov\/research\/online-documents\/1919-transcontinental-motor-convoy\">Eisenhower Presidential Library<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1919, Capt. Dwight D. Eisenhower <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov\/research\/online-documents\/1919-transcontinental-motor-convoy\">joined a small convoy<\/a> that crossed the U.S. in gas-powered military vehicles to test Army mobility. It took them 62 days \u2013 clear evidence that <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-world-war-i-ushered-in-the-century-of-oil-74585\">modern vehicles required better roads<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By World War II, gasoline-powered personal transportation and road-building to support it had become planks of American economic growth. In the 1950s, President Eisenhower furthered that commitment with the construction of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fhwa.dot.gov\/interstate\/history.cfm\">most extensive system of highways<\/a> the world had ever seen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Car culture and the pickup truck<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Americans\u2019 particular contribution to 20th-century transportation patterns was making automobiles part of a competitive consumer marketplace. Starting in the 1950s, a complex economy of easy financing and advertising drove consumers to buy new and buy often. Every aspect of a car was a potential marketing point, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.motorcities.org\/story-of-the-week\/2020\/the-1958-buicks-were-fins-and-chrome-models\">chrome styling<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hotrod.com\/articles\/hemi-engines-ford-chevy-oldsmobile-ardun-big-small-block\/\">hemi-powered hot rod engines<\/a> and more modern options like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consumerreports.org\/car-maintenance\/how-to-add-remote-start-to-your-car\/\">remote starting<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.motorbiscuit.com\/5-family-friendly-suvs-with-fab-rear-seat-entertainment-systems\/\">rear-seat theaters<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another uniquely American marketing achievement was framing trucks \u2013 utilitarian vehicles designed for work \u2013 as rides that could also serve consumers. Advertisers used themes of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LdP-xTIipXc\">grit and power<\/a> to sell trucks, depicted in the muddy expanses of western landscapes, to suburban drivers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Federal fuel efficiency standards enacted in 1978 unintentionally reinforced the idea of <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-the-federal-government-came-to-control-your-cars-fuel-economy-94467\">trucks as a consumer product<\/a>. These <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/mission\/sustainability\/corporate-average-fuel-economy-cafe-standards\">Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards<\/a> classified pickups as \u201clight trucks,\u201d along with sport utility vehicles and minivans, and set separate fuel efficiency standards for them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/405779\/original\/file-20210610-28-nt9fmq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/405779\/original\/file-20210610-28-nt9fmq.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Biden at the wheel of an electric F-150.\"\/><\/a><figcaption>President Joe Biden, a self-described \u2018car guy,\u2019 drives a test model F-150 Lightning truck at Ford\u2019s Dearborn Development Center on May 18, 2021. <a href=\"https:\/\/newsroom.ap.org\/detail\/Biden\/f6ff6bb8cf8e4da09cd19c60c109705a\/photo\">AP Photo\/Evan Vucci<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>By the year 2000, pickup trucks were U.S. automakers\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.manufacturing.net\/automotive\/news\/21415625\/gm-profit-surges-on-truck-sales\">most profitable models<\/a>, and manufacturers were looking for ways to make these vehicles <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/199980\/us-truck-sales-since-1951\/\">more powerful and luxurious<\/a>. Ford\u2019s F-150 became the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-the-ford-f-150-became-king-of-cars-96255\">best-selling vehicle in the nation<\/a> in 1982 and held that spot for the next four decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Lightning in a bottle?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern hybrid and electric vehicles emerged in the 1990s, driven by Japanese manufacturers\u2019 innovations. Early versions \u2013 the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Honda_Insight\">Honda Insight<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toyota_Prius\">Toyota Prius<\/a>, and later the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nissan_Leaf\">Nissan Leaf<\/a> \u2013 allowed consumers to choose automobiles that burned much less gasoline, or none in the case of the Leaf. Options like these had been unavailable during the gas crises of the 1970s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While the Prius, which was the first mass-produced hybrid electric vehicle, will likely be remembered as transformational in the electric transition, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tesla.com\/\">Tesla<\/a> was the first manufacturer to take the possibility of an alternative vehicle and combine it with style and prestige. Tesla brought bling and sex appeal to early EVs, many of which had functioned more like their golf-cart cousins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today\u2019s hybrids and EVs aren\u2019t just little sedans. Manufacturers including Honda, Toyota and Ford offer popular hybrid SUVs, and all-electric versions are entering the market. And now the electric F-150 breaks new ground. It\u2019s targeted at small businesses and corporate customers, particularly construction and mining companies, which purchase many trucks. These buyers are the auto industry\u2019s bread and butter. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3-YOvl8ygeg?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0 Car-buying guide Edmunds suggests thinking of the electric F-150 as \u201ca battery you can drive.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To satisfy their needs, the Lightning has a battery large enough to travel <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autoweek.com\/news\/green-cars\/g36492134\/ford-f-150-lightning-things-to-know\/\">more than 200 miles per charge<\/a> (320 kilometers), and paying a bit more gets customers over 300 miles (480 kilometers). An <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ford.com\/trucks\/f150\/f150-lightning\/2022\/\">electric motor on each axle<\/a> provides faster acceleration than gas-powered models and enough torque to tow 10,000 pounds (4,535 kilograms).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a unique feature, the truck\u2019s battery pack can be configured to produce 9.6 kilowatts of power \u2013 enough to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.autoweek.com\/news\/green-cars\/g36492134\/ford-f-150-lightning-things-to-know\/\">run an average home for three days<\/a> during an outage. The Lightning also has 11 outlets that enable it to double as a worksite power station for charging tools and gear.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The base model has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/most-radical-thing-about-ford-f-150-lightning-cost\/\">sticker price just under US$40,000<\/a>, and the Lightning qualifies for a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cars.com\/articles\/which-electric-cars-are-still-eligible-for-the-7500-federal-tax-credit-429824\/\">$7,500 federal tax break<\/a> for electric vehicle purchases that the Trump administration <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-usa-trump-budget-autonomous\/trump-budget-proposes-ending-electric-vehicle-tax-credit-idUSKBN1QS27Q\">tried unsuccessfully to end<\/a>. Combined, those factors can make it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.motor1.com\/news\/508418\/ford-f150-lightning-price-cheapest\/\">cheaper to buy than its gas-powered sibling<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[<em>Over 100,000 readers rely on The Conversation\u2019s newsletter to understand the world.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/us\/newsletters\/the-daily-3?utm_source=TCUS&amp;utm_medium=inline-link&amp;utm_campaign=newsletter-text&amp;utm_content=100Ksignup\">Sign up today<\/a>.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ford\u2019s 1908 Model T may look like ancient history by comparison, but experts chose it as the <a href=\"https:\/\/europe.autonews.com\/article\/20000103\/ANE\/1030709\/model-t-beats-mini-to-the-car-of-the-century-award\">car of the 20th century<\/a> because it put gas-powered cars within reach for mass consumers. Judging from early consumer buzz, the electric F-150 could play a similar role for EVs today. Ford received <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/06\/09\/business\/ford-jim-farley-electric-vehicles.html\">100,000 preorders in three weeks<\/a> for the new model, which is scheduled to start rolling off the assembly line in spring 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As one analyst put it, \u201cIf this truck is successful, it means <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/05\/18\/todayspaper\/quotation-of-the-day-top-selling-us-vehicle-could-be-make-or-break-in-bid-to-cut-emissions.html\">you can sell an electric version of any vehicle<\/a>. It could be the domino that tumbles over the rest of the market for EVs.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/brian-c-black-193343\">Brian C. Black<\/a>, Distinguished Professor of History and Environmental Studies, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/penn-state-1258\">Penn State<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/with-fords-electric-f-150-pickup-the-ev-transition-shifts-into-high-gear-161731\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brian C. Black, Penn State When President Joe Biden took Ford\u2019s electric F-150 Lightning pickup for a test drive in Dearborn, Michigan, in May 2021, the event was more than a White House photo op. It marked a new phase in an accelerating shift from gas-powered cars and trucks to electric vehicles, or EVs. In [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":25717,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1862],"tags":[2723,10066,2724,7337,2718,2717,4233,4083,9969,10067,184,9507,1284,2719,5661,420],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25716"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25716"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25716\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25723,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25716\/revisions\/25723"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}