{"id":31366,"date":"2022-09-27T01:06:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-27T01:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/?p=31366"},"modified":"2022-10-02T07:47:25","modified_gmt":"2022-10-02T07:47:25","slug":"how-chinese-celebrities-are-amplifying-official-policy-on-taiwan-pushing-one-china-messages-to-millions-of-fans-online","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/how-chinese-celebrities-are-amplifying-official-policy-on-taiwan-pushing-one-china-messages-to-millions-of-fans-online\/","title":{"rendered":"How Chinese celebrities are amplifying official policy on Taiwan, pushing \u2018One China\u2019 messages to millions of fans\u00a0online"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dan Chen<\/a>, University of Richmond<\/a><\/em> and Gengsong Gao<\/a>, University of Richmond<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Chinese government has a new ally when it comes to pushing its official line on Taiwan: celebrities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tension over the status of the island, which is claimed by Beijing as part of its \u201cOne China\u201d principle<\/a>, have been exacerbated by a series of recent incidents, including a high-profile visit to the island by U.S. House speaker Nancy Pelosi and comments by President Joe Biden<\/a> suggesting the U.S. would be prepared to defend Taiwan \u201cmilitarily.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It has led to an angry response from officials in Beijing<\/a>, who have accused the U.S. of violating its long-standing commitment to abide by its One China policy. But it has also seen a renewed propaganda push<\/a> aimed at getting the message of unification to the Chinese and Taiwanese public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As experts in Chinese<\/a> cultural politics<\/a>, we have noted how the highly contentious series of events not only reshaped the regional dynamics around Taiwan but also permeated into popular culture in China \u2013 with celebrities being utilized to circulate One China messaging to fans and social media followers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It forms part of a wider trend that we have researched and forms the basis of a forthcoming article published in China Quarterly on Chinese celebrities\u2019 political signaling. By our analysis, 85% of the top 218 celebrities in China reposted official government messages on their social media account at least once over a six-month period we observed in the second half of 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The power of Weibo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

This phenomena has continued into 2022 and was seen during and after the Pelosi visit. On Aug. 2, the day that the House speaker landed in Taiwan<\/a>, the state media outlet China Central Television, or CCTV, sent out a post<\/a> on Weibo, a Chinese-owned Twitter-like social media platform, with the message \u201cthere is only one China in the World.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Chinese
Since originally being posted, the \u2018One China\u2019 message has been promoted by Chinese celebrities. Weibo<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Within hours, Chinese celebrities started to repost this message to their extensive networks of followers. Those doing so included Xie Na<\/a>, a 41-year-old popular TV host and actress with 128 million followers on Weibo, and Jackson Yee<\/a>, a 22-year-old singer, dancer and actor ranked the No.1 celebrity in Forbes\u2019 2021 Chinese Celebrity List<\/a>. Likewise, Taiwan celebrities such as Chen Qiaoen<\/a> and Wu Qilong<\/a> also retweeted this message, though about a day later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taiwan celebrities who reposted the message were lauded by Chinese media and fans for taking a clear political stance. An article in the Chinese tabloid Global Times<\/a> quoted an online fan\u2019s praise for Taiwan celebrities who reposted the One China message: \u201cWell done! Daring to show support at this moment must be sincere.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

One celebrity news outlet went as far to post an article that listed more than 20 Taiwan celebrities<\/a> who reposted \u201cOne China\u201d and praised them for \u201cfulfilling the responsibility to voice political support.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The article also listed 11 Taiwan celebrities who did not retweet the One China message, suggesting that fans will judge them accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Indeed, celebrities who did not repost the message were called out for their silence, with fans demanding that they show support for the government. Hebe Tien, a well-known Taiwan singer with 13 million followers on Weibo, was among those targeted by angry Chinese fans and media for not reposting the One China message.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posts get political<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chinese celebrities haven\u2019t always been so politically active on social media when it comes to issues like Taiwan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Actors, singers and TV personalities use Weibo, which came into existence in 2009 and has close to 600 million active monthly users<\/a>, to share snippets about their personal lives, promote work, endorse commercial products and connect with fans. But until the mid-2010s, they rarely engaged in politics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But since the start of Chinese President Xi Jinping\u2019s second term<\/a> in 2017, more and more celebrities have used their accounts to repost official state messages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is especially true on important political anniversaries, such as the founding of the Chinese Communist Party and the People\u2019s Republic of China. For instance, on July 1, 2021, Yang Mi, an actress with 112 million followers on Weibo, reposted CCTV\u2019s quotation from Xi marking the centennial of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party: \u201cWhen a people have ideals, their country will have strength, and their nation will have a bright future.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These celebrity reposts often receive hundreds of thousands of user engagements, including reposts, comments and likes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This effectively promotes official messages to an exponentially larger social media network. CCTV\u2019s Weibo account, which sent out the One China message to coincide with Pelosi\u2019s visit, has 130 million followers. Xie Na, a leading pro-Beijing celebrity, alone has 128 million followers \u2013 and she is one of many who reposted the message.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As we argue in our forthcoming article \u201cChinese Celebrities\u2019 Political Signaling on Weibo,\u201d Chinese celebrities started to repost official messages when it became important for their career prospects to do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As the entertainment industry rapidly grew in the 2000s<\/a>, the Chinese government began to develop explicit policies<\/a> to regulate and control celebrities, their cultural products, media platforms, fan groups and professional associations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Calling out \u2018tainted artists\u2019<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In 2014, the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television<\/a> issued a notice<\/a> to require all broadcasting platforms to block \u201ctainted artists\u201d \u2013 celebrities who engage in illegal behavior or actions deemed by the government to be problematic, such as drug use, prostitution, tax evasion, extramarital affairs and political incorrectness. This last category includes supporting Hong Kong or Taiwan independence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since then, the phrase \u201ctainted artists\u201d has entered public discourse and is used by people online to criticize celebrities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under tightening political control, Chinese celebrities have fostered what scholars Jian Xu and Ling Yang have described as \u201ca neoliberal subjectivity with Chinese characteristics<\/a>.\u201d In other words, Chinese celebrities see pleasing the state as an effective way to reach a market.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Celebrities endorsed by the state are offered rare opportunities to perform on state television, star in state-sponsored films<\/a> and TV dramas<\/a>, serve ambassadorial roles for government agencies<\/a> and attend important national conferences<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As such, celebrities have strong incentives to satisfy state demands in pursuit of career, fame and wealth. It is important to acknowledge also that some celebrities may sincerely support the government and want to promote its policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Either way, the majority of celebrities on Weibo are echoing government positions such as the One China message. Our analysis found that just 15% of the top 218 celebrities \u2013 a list we compiled by reviewing both the Forbes China Celebrities Annual List from 2004 to 2020 and the size of online following \u2013 failed to repost any official government message in the six months we analyzed from June to November 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Among those who reposted, the frequency of reposts varied from just one to 33 times during the six months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Our analysis found that younger celebrities with more followers tend to repost official messages more. This finding challenges the conventional wisdom that young people tend to be more politically critical and rebellious. It also chimes with a recent study<\/a> of Chinese public opinion that found that the Xi generation \u2013 those who came of age in the past decade \u2013 are more oriented toward authoritarianism than preceding generations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Legitimizing state positions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The reposting of official state messages by celebrities could have far-reaching ramifications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When politically sensitive events occur, Chinese citizens often go to celebrities\u2019 Weibo accounts to discern their stance. On the issue of Taiwan, the heightened nationalist sentiments seemingly prompted users to monitor celebrities and expect them to express support for the Chinese government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moreover, the reposting of official messages by celebrities serves to transform popular culture into a key instrument by which the Chinese government can legitimize its position on sensitive issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dan Chen<\/a>, Assistant Professor of Political Science, University of Richmond<\/a><\/em> and Gengsong Gao<\/a>, Associate Professor of Chinese Studies, University of Richmond<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This article is republished from The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dan Chen, University of Richmond and Gengsong Gao, University of Richmond The Chinese government has a new ally when it comes to pushing its official line on Taiwan: celebrities. Tension over the status of the island, which is claimed by Beijing as part of its \u201cOne China\u201d principle, have been exacerbated by a series of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":31367,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7,4],"tags":[10691,206,145,12639,702,11418,6567,12640,12638],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31366"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/44"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31366"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31366\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31406,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31366\/revisions\/31406"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31366"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}