{"id":4752,"date":"2016-07-14T18:57:24","date_gmt":"2016-07-14T18:57:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/?p=4752"},"modified":"2016-07-15T18:59:25","modified_gmt":"2016-07-15T18:59:25","slug":"why-public-health-worries-dont-have-to-ruin-your-cookie-doughwhy-public-health-worries-dont-have-to-ruin-your-cookie-dough","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/why-public-health-worries-dont-have-to-ruin-your-cookie-doughwhy-public-health-worries-dont-have-to-ruin-your-cookie-dough\/","title":{"rendered":"Why public health worries don\u2019t have to ruin your cookie doughWhy public health worries don\u2019t have to ruin your cookie dough"},"content":{"rendered":"

Brian Zikmund-Fisher<\/a>, University of Michigan<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

The following three statements are all true: Eating cookie dough<\/a> can be dangerous, even after we\u2019ve dealt with any raw eggs. I am a public health faculty member and an expert in health risk communication. My family and I eat raw cookie dough regularly.<\/p>\n

If it seems implausible that all three of those statements can be simultaneously true, let me explain.<\/p>\n

To start, when most people think about health risks and cookie dough, they think about raw egg. Eggs can be contaminated with salmonella<\/a> bacteria, and food safety recommendations encourage people to cook eggs until the white and yolk are firm<\/a> in order to kill any bacteria.<\/p>\n

Because of this concern, when my kids and I make cookie dough, we never use regular eggs. Instead, we use eggs that have been pasteurized<\/a> to kill any harmful bacteria without actually cooking the egg itself. (A great public health innovation, if you ask me!) So, I wasn\u2019t worried about the eggs in the cookie dough.<\/p>\n

Now, there is another risk to consider in relation to raw cookie dough: the risk of the flour itself. Over the past two months, General Mills, Inc. first initiated and then expanded a voluntary recall<\/a> of flour found to be contaminated with E. coli<\/em> bacteria. While contamination of raw flour is rare, it can happen. Wheat grows in fields close to animals. When they \u201cheed the call of nature,\u201d as the FDA put it, wheat can become contaminated.
\nIn this recent outbreak, 38 people have been sickened<\/a> since December 2015 and some have been hospitalized because they ate the recalled flour raw, often in the form of cookie dough. One went into kidney failure<\/a>.<\/p>\n

An important safety message \u2013 or a half-baked idea?<\/h2>\n
\n \"\"
\n Even a milk shake with dough gets the nix.<\/span>
\n From www.shutterstock.com<\/a><\/span>
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Such recall notices are extremely important. When we know that a product is contaminated, we can and should make absolutely sure to get rid of it. As soon as I read the recall notice, I checked whether my extra flour was recalled. It wasn\u2019t. If it had been, or even if I hadn\u2019t been sure, I would have thrown it out, no questions.<\/p>\n

However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration later also published a notice for consumers<\/a> warning the public about eating cookie dough. Specific statements included: \u201cthe bottom line for you and your kids is don\u2019t eat raw dough,\u201d \u201cdon\u2019t give your kids raw dough or baking mixes that contain flour to play with\u201d and \u201cdon\u2019t make homemade cookie dough ice cream.\u201d<\/p>\n

Not surprisingly, this story got picked up by many news outlets. What was interesting about these stories, however, was not their content but their negative tone. For example, The New York Times stated \u201cF.D.A. Ruins Raw Cookie Dough for Everybody<\/a>.\u201d Another example: InStyle\u2019s article was titled, \u201cBuzzkill Alert: Don\u2019t Eat Raw Cookie Dough<\/a>.\u201c The first line of the article reads, \u201cDon\u2019t shoot the messenger.\u201d<\/p>\n

Here\u2019s the question: Is it appropriate for public health officials to imply that no one should eat cookie dough (something that I, and apparently many others, enjoy) because of this risk?<\/p>\n

A right to choose?<\/h2>\n

I\u2019m the last person to say that communications about public health risks are unimportant. Public health officials have a duty to warn people about the health risks associated with raw egg and even raw flour. When we have evidence that specific people are at risk, public health officials need to actively promote the actions that those people can take to minimize the identified risk. Doing so supports both public health objectives and individual decision-making.<\/p>\n

By contrast, when a public health agency unequivocally states \u201cdon\u2019t eat raw dough\u201d (regardless of whether flour or other ingredients were affected by a recall or not), it is implying (falsely) that no one could rationally disagree.<\/p>\n

Well, I\u2019m a public health faculty member, and I disagree.<\/p>\n

I know that some public health officials will be horrified by my statement. They will believe that I am undermining their message and giving people permission to put themselves at risk unnecessarily.<\/p>\n

But the key word of the previous sentence is \u201cunnecessarily.\u201d Whether something is necessary or not is not a scientific judgment. It is a value judgment. An FDA official may personally believe that eating raw cookie dough isn\u2019t important and choose to never eat it. That is their choice. At the same time, I can believe that eating cookie dough (made from flour known to be not part of the recall and pasteurized eggs) is something that I enjoy enough that I\u2019m willing to put myself and my children at (a very small) risk to do.<\/p>\n

Of life and risk<\/h2>\n
\n \"\"
\n A rare burger comes with risk on the side.<\/span>
\n From www.shutterstock.com<\/a><\/span>
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

As public health experts, we don\u2019t want people to treat food recalls like math problems and estimate their likelihood of getting sick. If you have affected food, you need to act. Period.<\/p>\n

But if I know that my flour is not recalled, then there is no specific reason to believe that the flour is not OK to eat raw. The only risk is the very small, baseline risk \u2013 for example, that the flour has been contaminated by a different and as-of-yet unknown source.<\/p>\n

We can\u2019t pretend that we live our lives without risk. I put myself and my children at risk every time we get into our car. Every time we eat sushi or rare hamburgers. Every time one of us takes medications. Every time we ride a bike or play soccer.<\/p>\n

Yet, many of us choose to do those things anyway, while minimizing risk when we can (for example, by wearing seat belts and bike helmets). We choose life and risk over safety and a life a little less enjoyable. It is not irrational to treat cookie dough the same way.<\/p>\n

So, to my fellow public health practitioners: Let\u2019s keep working on informing the public about health risks that they may not anticipate or appreciate. Motivating people to take immediate action about specific food recalls. Encouraging people to minimize risks.<\/p>\n

At the same time, let\u2019s all please remind ourselves that our goal is not to minimize all risk, no matter the cost. Our goal is to maximize life. Sometimes maximizing life means warning people that their flour is contaminated and making sure they throw it out. Sometimes maximizing life means letting them enjoy some (carefully prepared) cookie dough without shame.<\/p>\n

\"The<\/p>\n

Brian Zikmund-Fisher<\/a>, Associate Professor of Health Behavior and Health Education, Interim Co-Director of the Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine, University of Michigan<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

This article was originally published on The Conversation<\/a>. Read the original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Brian Zikmund-Fisher, University of Michigan The following three statements are all true: Eating cookie dough can be dangerous, even after we\u2019ve dealt with any raw eggs. I am a public health faculty member and an expert in health risk communication. My family and I eat raw cookie dough regularly. If it seems implausible that all […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":40,"featured_media":4753,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[42,10],"tags":[743,741,744,742,745],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4752"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/40"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4752"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4752\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4755,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4752\/revisions\/4755"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4752"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4752"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifeandnews.com\/articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4752"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}